Here is a rule of thumb to remember regarding the AOV: You can use a 55 mm lens, but you won’t be able to zoom in all the way compared to a 400 mm lens. This is why a 400 mm lens will have superior magnification to zoom in on a subject who is >500 feet away. With a longer focal length you can magnify a larger area of your frame to capture a scene or subject. The f-stop would be f/5 because the ratio is 10/2. Let’s say we have a lens with a focal length of 10 mm and an aperture diameter of 2 mm.įocal Length = 10 mm Aperture Diameter = 2 mmį-stop = Focal Length / Aperture Diameter When you take the ratio of the two variables we get the f-stop. As mentioned earlier, aperture is just the diameter of the opening to the diaphragm measured in millimeters (mm). It is simpler to say how long the lens is, but a better way to explain is that longer lenses also have a smaller angle of view (AOV), meaning it can zoom in much better to isolate the subject from its surrounding. The focal length refers to the distance (measured in millimeters) from the center of the lens to the image plane, where the light converges with the lens to get focus. I will now explain the meaning of those two variables. The value of the f-stop consists of two variables, which is the ratio of the diameter of the aperture to the focal length of the lens. The f-stop also called f-number, is a value that determines how much you want to increase or decrease the amount of light you want to the sensor. The relationship of the aperture with the f-stop. When you want a smaller aperture, you have a bigger f-stop value e.g. Thus when you want a larger aperture, you have a smaller f-stop value e.g. The aperture size is inversely related to the f-stop value. Now the f-stop can be confusing at first because a smaller f-stop value indicates a larger aperture, while a bigger f-stop value indicates a smaller aperture. Aperture is measured in units called f-stop. When you want a smaller aperture, you close the hole to let less light in. When you want a large aperture, you open a bigger hole to let more light in. An analogy to opening a hole explains how this works. When we adjust the aperture, we are controlling how much light we want to enter the sensor. Aperture has other uses and I will explain that later on. When you are shooting in a bright area, you don’t require as much light so you have a smaller aperture. Depending on the scene you want to capture, you want to allow more light or a larger aperture when you are in the shade. By varying the diameter of the aperture, you are controlling how much light you want to pass thru the diaphragm and into the sensor. The aperture is thus the diameter of the opening. It functions much like how the iris contracts and expands in response to the amount of light that enters the eyes. Inside the lens are blades that open and close the aperture. You can control the amount of light you want to the camera body’s diaphragm by adjusting what is called the aperture. With mirrorless cameras, the light enters the lens and directly hits the sensor. In a DSLR camera, the light enters through the lens which is then reflected by mirrors to your view finder and sensor. When you have focus on your subject, you get clearer and sharper details in your photos. In photography, creating an image requires adequate lighting to get focus on your subject.
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